The atomic number of silicon is 14, which means it has 14 protons in the middle and 14 electrons moving around the outside. Silicon has two electrons in the innermost shell, eight in the next shell, and four in the third shell. This means that the first two shells are completely full, and the third shell has four electrons, out of the 18 that can fit in the third shell of an atom. Something about having four electrons in that outer shell makes the shell more stable than copper's outer shell with its one lonely electron, so the electrons in the silicon atom don't wander off as easily.
Since the silicon atom has a fairly firm grip on its electrons, silicon is not as good a conductor as copper is. Most house wiring is made of copper, because copper is a very good conductor of electricity and is not as expensive as other good conductors, such as gold and platinum.
Silicon can conduct electricity, but not nearly as well as copper does. The conductivity of silicon depends a great deal on what is mixed with it, because this affects how tightly it holds on to its outer electrons. Silicon is the main ingredient in glass, which does not conduct electricity.
This effect, called the shielding effect, describes the decrease in attraction between an electron and the nucleus in any atom with more than one electron shell. The more electron shells there are, the greater the shielding effect experienced by the outermost electrons. In hydrogen-like atoms, which have just one electron, the net force on the electron is as large as the electric attraction from the nucleus.
However, when more electrons are involved, each electron in the n-shell feels not only the electromagnetic attraction from the positive nucleus but also repulsion forces from other electrons in shells from 1 to n This causes the net electrostatic force on electrons in outer shells to be significantly smaller in magnitude.
Therefore, these electrons are not as strongly bound as electrons closer to the nucleus. The shielding effect explains why valence shell electrons are more easily removed from the atom. The nucleus can pull the valence shell in tighter when the attraction is strong and less tight when the attraction is weakened.
The more shielding that occurs, the further the valence shell can spread out. As a result, atoms will be larger. The element sodium has the electron configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 1. The attraction between this lone valence electron and the nucleus with 11 protons is shielded by the other 10 core electrons. The electron configuration for cesium is 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 2 3d 10 4p 6 5s 2 4d 10 5p 6 6s 1.
While there are more protons in a cesium atom, there are also many more electrons shielding the outer electron from the nucleus. Note that when writing the electron configuration for an atom like Cu the 3d. Electronic configuration of copper 2 ions. Electronic configuration of copper 1 ions. One way to check if the notation is correct for a given element is to see if the sum of the exponents in the notation equals the number of electrons in an atom of that element.
The ground state electron configuration of Cu is Ar 3d 10 4s 1. It is the 29th element in the periodic table represented by the symbol Cu short for the Latin name cuprum. Adding up all the superscript numbers gives us 5 and boron has 5 electrons. Although 4s is filled before 3d 3d becomes lower in energy than 4s once it is filled with electrons which is why 4s 1 is listed after 3d It is used in making wires and coins. Draw the abbreviated orbital diagram.
What is the correct electron configuration of the textCtextu ion. Post a Comment. This quiz includes images that dont have any alt text - please contact your teacher who should be able to help you with an audio descriptio Labels: copper , electron. No comments:. Post a Comment Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.
Newer Post Older Post Home. Subscribe to: Post Comments Atom. Periodic Table Pdf Color With Electron Configuration This quiz includes images that dont have any alt text - please contact your teacher who should be able to help you with an audio descriptio Condensed Electron Configuration Of Nitrogen.
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